Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Research and Studies
Welcome to the Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Studies and Research, an open-access, interdisciplinary publication dedicated to advancing research across the broad spectrum of business, law, education, and the humanities. Our journal aims to promote dialogue among scholars, practitioners, and students working in diverse fields, including history, philosophy, literature, cultural studies, art history, religious studies, and more. We prioritize critical thinking and innovative research methodologies that contribute to our understanding of human culture, experience, and society. Focus and Scope The Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Studies and Research is committed to covering a wide range of topics that engage with business, arts, and humanities, from the ancient to the contemporary world. JAUTSR publishes original research articles, reviews, and short communications that address fundamental questions, new theories, and interdisciplinary perspectives. JAUTSR covers, but is not limited to, the following areas: Business: Researching business management, entrepreneurship, organizational behavior, corporate governance, economics, e-commerce, and the role of business in social change, emphasizing ethical considerations, sustainability, and innovation. Law: Addressing legal theory, policy, ethics, and practice, including contemporary legal issues, comparative law, international human rights, business law, and the role of law in global governance. Education: Covering K-12 pedagogy to higher education, including policy, curriculum development, teaching methods, and digital learning, to advance our understanding of learning processes, educational theory, and practice. Humanities: Exploring literature, philosophy, history, cultural studies, and the arts, with a focus on human experience, culture, ethics, and societal change. We welcome contributions from scholars across the globe, encouraging diversity in topics, perspectives, and voices. All submissions undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure scholarly integrity and quality. Open Access Policy The journal adheres to a strict open-access policy, making all content freely available to anyone, anywhere. This commitment ensures that scholarly work is accessible without financial or institutional barriers, promoting wider dissemination and greater academic collaboration. Copyright Notice Authors retain copyright to their published works. On the other hand, by submitting a manuscript, authors grant the journal a license to publish and distribute their article under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. This allows readers to share, reuse, and build upon the work, provided they credit the original author. Sponsorship and Funding Disclosure The journal is supported by Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan. We maintain transparency in all funding relationships and disclose any sponsorship or financial support associated with published research. Our editorial process remains independent and free from external influence. Privacy Statement We prioritize the privacy of our contributors, reviewers, and readers. Personal data collected by the journal is used solely for manuscript submission, peer review, and editorial communication. We do not share or sell personal information to third parties. For more details, please refer to our privacy policy. Archival and Preservation of Research To ensure long-term preservation, the journal is included in the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) and CLOCKSS (Controlled LOCKSS) archival systems. This guarantees secure archiving and accessibility of published articles, even in the event of technical difficulties or disruptions to the journal's website. History of the Journal The Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Studies and Research was established in the year 2022 and is committed to promoting high-quality, peer-reviewed research. We have grown into an internationally recognized platform for innovative scholarship, promoting cutting-edge discussions on global issues, intellectual trends, and emerging interdisciplinary fields. We continue to evolve, prioritizing the sharing of knowledge in an open, accessible, and engaging format. A Vital Resource The Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Studies and Research is a vital resource for scholars and readers interested in the diverse fields that shape our understanding of humanity. We invite submissions that challenge assumptions, discover new frontiers, and contribute to the ongoing development of humanistic inquiry. For more information, including submission guidelines, please visit our website. https://jornal.aut.edu.jo/index.php/aut/about/submissions
Deanship of Scientific Research and Graduate Studies, Aqaba University of Technology, South of Aqaba, South Beach road, Aqaba, Jordan
4. The Impact of Applying Electronic Management on Employees’ Performance Effectiveness at Mutah University
This study aims to explore the impact of the implementation of electronic management to develop the effectiveness of performance Workers in Mutah University. The study population was composed of all administrative staff members in the university (N=2000) during the academic year (2023/2024). The sample included (200) administrative staff members, who were randomly selected from the study population. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher created a questionnaire comprised of 23 items measured on a four-point Likert scale. The findings revealed that the impact of the implementation of electronic management on employees' performance in Mutah University was strong and positive. The electronic document rank was first with high degree; the electronic services rank was second with moderate degree and electronic planning rank was third. Key words: E-Management, Employee performance, Administration
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Research and Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
3. Floating Exchange Rate Regime in Highly Dollarized Countries: Mission Impossible
This study is the first of its kind to investigate and provide scientific evidence on the impossibility of floating the exchange rate in highly Dollarized and very highly Dollarized countries. The study examines the phenomenon of dollarization, particularly focusing on the risks and benefits associated with different exchange rate regimes in highly dollarized economies. Dollarization, prevalent in countries facing political instability and weak governance, is a major source of macroeconomic volatility, fragility, and constraints on monetary policy. Through an analysis of historical and contemporary case studies, the paper investigates the effects of full dollarization, currency boards, and flexible exchange rate regimes on financial stability, inflation control, and sovereign debt. The research highlights the limitations of floating exchange rates in dollarized economies, where exchange rate volatility exacerbates external shocks and undermines public confidence. Moreover, the study emphasizes the trade-offs between monetary autonomy and financial stability, proposing that highly dollarized countries may benefit more from hard peg arrangements. This approach reduces risks of currency crises but limits the flexibility of domestic monetary policy. The findings provide insights for policymakers in emerging and developing economies who are navigating the challenges of de-dollarization and exchange rate management. Keywords: Dollarization, Exchange Rate Regimes, Financial Stability, Currency Crisis, Currency Board, De-dollarization.
2. The Role of Social Media in Political Mobilization from the Perspective of Faculty Members in Jordanian Universities: “A Case Study of the University of Jordan and the Middle East University”
The study examines the impact of social media networks on political mobilization from the perspective of faculty members at the University of Jordan and Middle East University. The descriptive-analytical method was employed, using a questionnaire distributed to 150 academically. The findings revealed that social media networks play a significant role in influencing public opinion, enhancing freedom of expression, promoting participation in decision-making, and exerting pressure on policymakers. The results further indicated that policymakers have responded to public demands by adjusting certain citizen-related policies. The study also showed that Facebook is the most widely used platform among Jordanians, both academically and publicly. Additionally, differences in views were found based on the type of institution, academic specialization, and university. Keywords: Political Activism, Social Media, Faculty Members, Role.
1. Vocational Education Teachers’ Practices in Enhancing Students’ Orientation Toward Vocational Education Pathways (BTEC)
The study aimed to demonstrate the role of vocational education teachers in enhancing students' attitudes towards applied vocational education (BTEC) specializations. The study relied on the descriptive approach. The research community consisted of all vocational education teachers in Aqaba Governorate, numbering (67). The size of the study sample was (64) male and female teachers who were selected using the available sample method. A questionnaire tool was prepared to collect data electronically. The results of the study revealed that the level of the role of vocational education teachers in enhancing students' attitudes towards applied vocational education (BTEC) specializations was moderate. Its practice mostly consisted of holding awareness sessions for students to clarify the conditions of BTEC and the importance of its certificates and their accreditation by community institutions. Keywords: vocational education (BTEC), attitudes, vocational education, teachers.
2. The condition of Urgency in Stay the Execution of the Administrative Decision "A comparative study"
The study aims to investigate the existence of a state of urgency, as it is the basic condition of the objective conditions for requesting a stay of execution, and all this is within the framework of achieving the public interest represented in the fact that the administrative decision is supposed to have a presumption of safety and legality, but there are cases that lead to the implementation of the administrative decision to the occurrence of unimaginable consequences. , and it cannot be remedied when ruling to cancel the administrative decision, and for this reason the administrative legislator granted individuals the right to request a stay of execution under certain conditions, the most important of which is the availability of the urgency condition. The researcher followed the comparative, analytical descriptive approach to find out what the urgency clause is and its applications in Jordanian and comparative legislation and administrative judiciary in Egypt. On the other hand, the privileges that the administration enjoys in implementing its decisions directly towards individuals, and we hope that our Jordanian legislator defines the criteria that the administrative judge must adhere to when considering a case of urgency because there is no text governing the discretionary power of the judge in judging whether there is a case of urgency or not. Keywords: Administrative Decision, Stay Execution, Urgency clause, Administrative Court, Administrative Judiciary.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Research and Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
1. The political and economic repercussions of Britain's exit from the European Union
This research explains the most important reasons that led to Britain's withdrawal from the European Union and analyzes the most important security and economic political repercussions that were reflected as a result of this withdrawal on Britain. This research covers the period from the summer of 2016 to the year 2023, a year after Britain left the European Union, where Britain conducted a referendum for its people to determine the position on staying or withdrawing from the European Union with an operation called 'Brexit'. The descriptive analytical approach was mainly adopted in this research, as this approach works to determine the characteristics of a specific phenomenon and describe its nature and define the relationship between the variables, directions, and causes that revolve around a specific problem. The research has come to the most prominent political, economic, and security repercussions, whether they appeared directly, or those that may appear shortly.
5. Enhancing the Culture of Occupational Safety and Health in the Workplace
This descriptive study examines the culture of occupational safety and health in the workplace. The current research addresses the concept of occupational safety and health, its objectives, and the importance of enhancing the culture of occupational safety and health. It also discusses the historical development of occupational safety and health, the stages of development of safety and health culture, and the factors influencing occupational safety and health culture. In addition, the study highlights the distinction between occupational safety and occupational health, the institutions responsible for worker protection and compensation for occupational hazards, key safety terminology, the positive elements of occupational safety, and methods for developing a culture of occupational safety. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of strengthening the culture of occupational safety and health among all elements of production. Keywords: Occupational Safety, Occupational Health
4. The impact of success factors for business intelligence on organizational innovation in insurance companies in Jordan
The study aimed to reveal the impact of success factors for business intelligence on organizational innovation in insurance companies in Jordan .represented The problem of the study in organizational innovation in insurance companies in Jordan; as organizational innovation has become a priority for scientific research and development for any organization; recent developments in various fields have imposed on contemporary organizations to respond and adapt to these developments, to ensure their continuity and interaction with society and the environment, and all the influencing factors surrounding them; many organizations have sought to pay attention to business intelligence through infrastructure, technology, and organizational innovation, The quantitative approach was used in the study, and for the purposes of data collection, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to the study population; has been distributed (450) resolution, Where is the study community Of the 24 companies operating in the insurance sector in Jordan sample of employees working in it was taken with an amount of (342)male and female employee, The statistical package for the social sciences was used sass to collect and analyze data ,The study concluded that there is a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (α≤0.05) for the success factors of business intelligence in terms of their dimensions (top management support, user-oriented change management, team formation skills, project planning, sustainable data quality integration, clear vision) in organizational innovation, and the study recommended a set of recommendations, including working to increase awareness among all sectors with the importance of success factors for business intelligence that make them keep pace with recent developments in various fields in order to enhance organizational innovation. Key words: success factors, Business intelligence, organizational innovation, Insurance companies, Jordan.
3. A developed strategy to achieve competition in Jordanian universities (central region)
The study aims to identify the reality of management innovation as an input to achieve a competitive advantage in higher education institutions from the perspective of workers, and detect whether there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05 ≥ α) between the mean scores of the estimate of the sample to the reality of management innovation as an input to achieve feature competitiveness due to the variables ( Major practical - sex - years of service ), and then develop a strategy for the management of creativity as an input to achieve competitive advantage in higher education institutions. The follow researcher descriptive analytical method application questionnaire consisting of 50 items distributed on four areas : ( resources and capabilities of the organization, quality, innovation and excellence , Education, Psychology and continuous improvement, adaptation and sustainability of creativity ), and so on a sample of 154 of the personnel working in institutions Higher Education in the Center Strip . The study found the following results: 1 - the total score to estimate the sample to the reality of management innovation as an input to achieve competitive advantage was (72.47%), occupied the first area (resources and capabilities of the organization) to first place by (77.98%), followed by the third area (education Organizational and continuous improvement) for second place Posen relative (77.23%), followed by the second area (quality, innovation and excellence) finished third relative weight (69.34%), and finally the fourth area (adaptation and sustainability of creativity) ranked last with a relative weight (65.36%) 2- There were statistically significant differences in the total score of the views of respondents about the reality of creative input management to achieve competitive advantage due to the variables of academic qualification campaign in order to graduate, and years of service for more than 10 years, the total score of the questionnaire. 3 - The presence of statistically significant differences in the total score of the views of respondents about the reality of management innovation as an input to achieve a competitive advantage due to the variable sex in favor of males in the total score of the questionnaire, while there are no differences in the third area (education Organizational and continuous improvement). In light of the results has been proposed to develop a strategy for the management of creativity as an input to achieve competitive advantage in higher education institutions , which consisted of ( premises , requirements , procedural steps ), the researcher recommended the following: 1 - Adoption of the future scenario planning for organizations to achieve efficiency and reveals the views and future trends and tendencies toward creativity. 2 - Need to focus when managing human resources on its positive impact risks that limit the institution's ability to sustain competitive advantage. 3 - Adopting strategic resource-based institutions because it is an important theories in achieving competitive advantages.
2. Methods of Character Construction in the Short Stories of Jamal Abu Hamdan: The Search for Zizya as a Model
Personality building methods in the stories of Jamal Abu Hamdan (Searching for a model of physics) Abstract: This research aims to study the methods of character building in the stories of Jamal Abu Hamdan (The Search for Zeyzia), as it tries to provide an analytical reading of some models of characters in the stories of this group, the selected group is distinguished in its language, themes and contents, and therefore it is necessary to investigate the patterns of character building in the group . Being a character is an important element in the story. The study was based on four sections, the first section included the concept of the character in the story. The second topic was to study the methods of character building, and the third topic talked about techniques for presenting the character in the short story. The fourth topic focused on talking about some personal models in selected models from the group's stories, in terms of positive and negative personalities, as well as troubled and traditional characters.
6. The effect of a training program in the treatment of language disorders for a student in the first grade (case study)
The aim of this research is to know the effect of a treatment program for the case of a student in the first grade of Al-Subaihi School. Bad and reflects letters, poor in spelling, poor in reading, slow in speech and delayed response, writes from left to right, calm, friendly, liked by students but has no social relationships, is self-confident and hesitant, and has been transformed into The resource room/ Al-Subaihi School to diagnose his condition at the request of the first-grade teacher to determine the student’s problem, to diagnose the student’s language skills and language weakness, and to develop a treatment program to help him improve his performance, academic achievement, strengthen and enhance his self-confidence, and improve his social relationship with his colleagues. With the educational treatment program presented to the student with the case and the use of appropriate alternatives to the level of difficulty he is experiencing and taking into account all aspects of the student's psychological, social, educational, cognitive and linguistic, there has been a clear and noticeable improvement for the case owner and he has become almost at the level of his class
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Aqaba University of Technology for Research and Studies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
1. The impact of strategic entrepreneurship in its dimensions in achieving strategic agility in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority
This study aimed to identify the impact of strategic entrepreneurship in its dimensions in achieving strategic agility in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority, and to achieve the objectives of the study, the study tool - the questionnaire - was developed and distributed to the study sample, which amounted to (150) randomly selected respondents, and the statistical package was used. For Social Sciences (SPSS) in data processing. Among the most important findings of the study are the following: The dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (proactive, independence, responsibility, acceptance of risks, offensive, and resilience) were high. The dimensions of strategic agility in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (strategic sensitivity, organizational capabilities, strategic response) were high The existence of an impact of the dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship in strategic agility, and that the dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship explain an amount (63.8%) of the variance in strategic agility. The study reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: Enhancing the dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship through an understanding of the higher administrations in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority of the nature and level of importance of stimulating the leadership status to achieve strategic agility. Key words: Strategic Leadership, Strategic Agility, Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority
5. The Extent of Including the Concepts of Islamic Values and National Identity in Kindergarten Curricula
The research aimed at recognizing the degree of including the concepts of Islamic values and national identity in kindergarten curricula. The research adopted the analytical descriptive approach. The population of the research consisted of the developed kindergarten curriculum that is applied in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sample of the research comprised the teacher's guide, three separate units (Food, My Country, Hands), and three brief units (Friends, Clothing, My Book). In order to achieve the aims of the research, a content analysis card was constructed, including a list of the concepts of Islamic values and national identity. In its final form, it was composed of (12) values divided into two axes: Islamic values, which included seven values (creed, beneficence, cooperation, truthfulness, patience, cleanliness, honesty), and national identity, which included five values (national loyalty, discipline respect, conservation of environment, conservation of public properties, nationalism reinforcement), with validity and reliability ensured. The following statistical techniques were used: Percentages and frequencies, and the research concluded a group of results, the most important of which were including Islamic values in the kindergarten curriculum in a moderate degree, and including the values of national identity in a high degree. In addition, the detailed results of Islamic values demonstrated the inclusion of the values of beneficence, creed, cooperation, and personal cleanliness in a high degree, and the values of patience, honesty, and truthfulness in a low degree. In the axe of national identity, the values of national loyalty, conserving environment, conserving public properties, and nationalism reinforcement were in a high degree, and the inclusion of discipline respect was in a moderate degree. In the light of this research and its results, many recommendations were provided such as, holding courses and seminars for female kindergarten teachers in order to inform them about the importance of Islamic values and national identity for kindergarten. Key Words: Kindergarten curricula – Islamic values – national identity.
Shatha Saud Motliq Alsawat Saud Motliq Alsawat
4. The Role of School Administration in Developing Intellectual Security among Students from the Teachers' Perspective in Secondary Schools in Al-Qasr District, Karak City.
The significance of this study lies in its examination of the role of school administration in fostering intellectual security among students from the perspective of teachers in secondary schools in Al-Qasr District in Karak City. This significance arises in light of the spread of destructive ideologies and the distortion of intellectual security within society, particularly amid the technological revolution, the prevalence of global conflicts and wars, the deterioration of societal values, declining economic conditions, and the rising influx of migration and asylum to Jordan. These demographic shifts have introduced diverse backgrounds into the community, embedding hybrid behaviors and practices that have impacted the intellectual security framework of Jordanian society. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of school principals’ roles in enhancing intellectual security among secondary school students from the teachers’ perspectives. The evaluation was conducted based on the variables of gender, years of service, and academic qualification. The descriptive methodology was employed to explore the dimensions of the study. The target population consisted of secondary school teachers, and the sample included 185 male and female teachers. Questionnaires were distributed directly using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. Study Results: The results revealed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) in teachers’ responses regarding the role of school principals in promoting students’ intellectual security based on gender, years of service, or academic qualification. Their role was assessed as high on the overall scale. The study sample moderately believed, with a mean score of (4.25), that years of service influence the performance of school principals in enhancing intellectual security. The analysis showed no significant differences in respondents’ evaluations of positive attitudes toward years of service, with a value of (0.54) and a significance level of (0.957), exceeding the alpha level (0.05). This indicates that participants shared similar attitudes toward years of service. Additionally, the differences in evaluating the impact of academic qualification on the development of intellectual security were not statistically significant, as the significance value remained above the (0.05) threshold.
3. The Role of Citizenship Education text books In Revival Jordanian Communal Heritage To The Students Of The High Primary Stage In Jordan
The Study Aim To Detect The Role Of The National And Civil Books In Revival Jordanian Communal Heritage In Jordan For This Purpose The Following Tools Have Been Prepared:Check List, And Books Analysis List .The Books Sample Was Formed From There Books For The Grades Eigh Th,Nin Th And Ten Th Grades With It,S Two Partsfirst And Second. The Study Showed The Following Findings: The Number Of The Communal Heritage Fields That Must Be Available In The Books Of National And Civil Education Reached (8) Main Fields And (96) Sub-Fields. The Resulte Of The Analysis Showed That The Availability Of The Communal Heritage In The Books Of National And Civil Education For The Primary Stage Came As Follows And In A Small Percentage.Where The Fields Were Avaiabale In Education Books For Eigh Th Grade, With The Exception Of (3) Fields. Key Words: National And Civil Education, The Role, Revival Jordanian
1. (Case Study) in Individualization, Differentiation & Personalization
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms utilized by the North West Evaluation Association (NWEA) in administering computer-based tests, specifically the MAP Test (Measure of Academic Progress), which is based on Modern Measurement Theory for the American curriculum. The study also examined the MAP Skills software, which follows up on test results to implement the three core concepts: Individualized Learning, Differentiated Learning, and Personalized Learning. This organization is distinguished by its widespread adoption in most schools that implement American curricula, operating across 145 countries and 9,500 schools. The research employed a methodology based on the analysis of documents and studies issued by the organization. This was done to ascertain the practices it follows in achieving the three concepts for students (Differentiated Learning, Individualized Learning, and Personalized Learning). The study concluded that the organization sponsoring the platform is specialized in developing and implementing computer-based tests grounded in the one-parameter Rasch model of Modern Measurement Theory, demonstrating its capability to meet the diverse needs of students through Differentiated Learning, Individualized Learning, and Personalized Learning.
8. Challenges of Remote Learning for Students with Disabilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Perspective of Students Enrolled in Basic Schools Affiliated with the Second Directorate of Education in Amman
Students with Disabilities face educational challenges in their normal daily educational process, but recently Corona pandemic has imposed extra challenges that restricted their education. However, this study aimed to discover the obstacles face students with disabilities during distance learning. The study sample consisted of (63) students from the basic stage students in the second Amman education district who study during the scholastic year (2020/2021). As well as (12) students selected randomly from the study sample were interviewed. A questionnaire of distance learning obstacles was used, and it consisted of (25) items, and an interview tool consisting of (3) questions was used as well, and their validity and reliability were identified. The results of the study showed that the obstacles facing students with SN reached to high degree, and the male suffer from distance learning obstacles more than female as well as visual impairment. More than other obstacles, and the interview reveal that the most important of these obstacles are the lack of applications that support the learning of students with SN, the limitation of educational materials provided to students with SN to general ideas of lessons, the lack of environmental facilities and infrastructure that support their learning, and the lack of sustainable learning during the Corona pandemic, The study recommended providing environmental facilities and infrastructure of education to students with SN through distance learning. Keywords: Distance Learning Obstacles, Students with Special Needs. The Corona Pandemic
7. Challenges Teachers Faced in the Implementation of the Curriculum of Early Childhood: A case study in Iraq
The research studied the challenges that pre-school teachers experience within the usage of the primary childhood educational curriculums; investigating educating strategies utilized by pre-school teachers in Baghdad/Iraq. As the research design, the research used a descriptive survey. A 62 pre-school teachers got chosen out of 45 pre-schools in Baghdad/Iraq. The instruments utilized to evoke data from the respondents were organized surveys and a pilot study was utilized to guarantee that these surveys are valid and reliable as the uncovered alpha reliability coefficients were 0.73 and 0.71 for section B and C separately. The main discoveries of research show that pre-school teachers have been confronted with an amount of challenges when executing the early childhood educational curriculums. An outstanding one among them is that most pre-school teachers don't get the early childhood curriculum, pre-school teachers haven’t a sufficient educating and learning material to assist in the actualization of the early childhood educational curriculums, parents don't participate in the choices of instruction so it becomes troublesome for pre-school managers to carry out the tasks without help. Moreover, one can see that teachers, instructing and learning material represent the most significant components that impacted the usage of the early childhood educational curriculums. In this paper, it was prescribed that private supervisors and governmental specialists directing the pre-school curriculums ought to organize visit in-service preparing for both teachers and guardians in connection with early childhood instruction educational curriculum.
6. Philosophical Perspectives on the Challenges of Education in the 21st Century
Our current era is the era of knowledge and economic competition among nations, requiring workers who possess skills that enable them to work and live effectively, rely on modern technologies for communication with others, and possess problem-solving abilities in creative ways. This era also demands that schools teach students the skills they need for life and work in the 21st century. Among the foremost goals of education is the necessity to align the outputs of the educational system with the needs of the labor market, in addition to equipping students with the knowledge and skills required for future jobs. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P21) defines these skills as: “a set of skills necessary for success and work in the 21st century, including learning and innovation skills, information, media, and technology skills, as well as life and career skills.” At the beginning of the 21st century, organizations and economic entities raised an important question: “What competencies should citizens acquire to meet the demands of the new century?” To answer this question, these organizations and entities published numerous frameworks for 21st-century competencies. Many of these competencies have been adopted as educational or reform goals to nurture talents and skills. These competencies are defined as: “a set of skills required by workers in various work environments to be active, productive, and creative members, alongside mastering the necessary knowledge content to achieve success, in line with the developmental and economic requirements of the 21st century.” Accordingly, preparing students according to the needs and demands of the 21st century through the development of skills such as creativity, critical thinking and problem-solving, communication, and collaboration is a strategic goal of the educational process.
4. The Strategy of Dialogue and Role Exchange among Students in the Educational Process and Its Impact on Preserving Intellectual Security
This research aims to highlight the importance of the strategies of dialogue and role exchange among students in the educational process and their role in preserving intellectual security, as well as in cultivating a conscious and cultured generation that believes in purposeful and constructive dialogue, rejects rote learning, dogmatism, domination of opinion, closed-mindedness, and marginalization of diverse student perspectives. The researcher adopted the inductive method in this study, which involves collecting scientific material from its original sources, analyzing it, and deriving the role resulting from the teacher’s use of the dialogue strategy in education and its contribution to preserving intellectual security. The study provides an objective and realistic vision that assists the school community in applying the constructive dialogue strategy in schools. This vision is characterized by flexibility and applicability, stemming from an understanding of the current educational reality prevailing in schools, with adequate clarification of the role assigned to each party involved in the educational process, in order to ensure the success of the dialogue strategy in education and its role in preserving intellectual security. The research concluded with a set of results and recommendations mentioned throughout the study, including that among the pillars of intellectual security are: faith, knowledge, and enjoining what is right. Dialogue plays a constructive and preventive role in intellectual security by strengthening and deepening faith, consolidating knowledge, and promoting enjoining what is right. The school also has a positive and leading role, through its plans and programs, in opening channels of dialogue and integrating them into all educational curricula, teaching and assessment methods, as well as in-class and extracurricular activities and meetings. Keywords: Strategies, Dialogue, Role Exchange, Students, Educational Process, Intellectual Security
3. Basic education students’ attitudes toward electronic assessment in Sultanate of Oman
Because of the change in evaluating students’ works due to covid19 Pandemic, it was necessity to shed the light on electronic assessment as a request in education these days. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate female students’ attitudes toward electronic assessment on Google Classroom Platform. The research sample consisted of 220 female students in grades (7, 8, 9) in Al batina South Governorate in Sultanate of Oman. Descriptive design was used. The study used students’ attitudes scale prepared by AL-shemari (2021). The results indicated to the positive attitude toward electronic assessment in all dimensions (knowledge, emotion, behavior, technology). The result also revealed that there is no statistical differences in students’ attitudes toward electronic assessment attributed to gender. Accordingly, the researcher made many recommendations aimed to improve the electronic assessment systems. Keywords: electronic assessment, attitudes, electronic education
2. The Level of Mathematics Teachers’ Possession of Electronic Test Design Competencies in Shoubak District in Light of Distance Learning Requirements
The study aimed to reveal the degree to which mathematics teachers in Al-Shobak Area possess the competencies of electronic test design in light of the requirements of distance education. The study sample consisted of (45) male and female teachers; To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire-included (25) items- has been consisted, its validity and reliability were verified. The results of the study showed that the degree of teachers’ possession of the competencies of electronic test design is high, also revealed that there were no statistical significant differences at the significance level (α ≥ 0.05) in the teachers' responses, due to the variables (gender, educational qualification and teaching experience), the study recommends the necessity of providing special software for designing electronic tests for mathematics, and training teachers to use it in a safe electronic environment. Key words: Competencies, electronic test, Shobak, distance education
1. Evaluation of the university e-learning experience at Aqaba University of Technology by students for the academic year 2020/2021 during the Corona pandemic
This study was conducted to examine the current state of the university education system at Aqaba University of Technology, as shaped by the pandemic conditions since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, and to assess its effectiveness in achieving the intended learning outcomes. The study applied an evaluation of this experience on the stakeholders and elements of the educational process after more than two academic semesters of transition to distance learning. It aimed to identify the main advantages, challenges, and future prospects associated with this system, in addition to including a component examining the health impact resulting from the new learning method. The evaluation in this part of the study was carried out by the Department of Courses at the College of Arts and Sciences, targeting university students through an electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed, published, and student feedback was collected. It consisted of three main parts covering seven axes: Part One: Components and elements of the educational process, including the following axes: technologies used, electronic content, study effectiveness, interaction, and assessment. Part Two: Health patterns followed while using e-learning tools. Part Three: Future prospects of e-learning along with its additional benefits. Data were then collected, and observations were categorized. A total of 191 responses were received, accompanied by 46 student comments—meaning that approximately one-quarter of the responses included significant student feedback. The questionnaire data were statistically analyzed using SPSS, with statistically significant indicators, followed by commentary, description, discussion of results, and overall evaluation for each axis. Student comments were sorted according to their relevance to the main axes and included verbatim under each relevant axis to enhance the overall analysis. The study then derived results and recommendations. The main findings indicated that students at Aqaba University of Technology rated e-learning during the 2020/2021 academic year as moderate, at 68%. The axes studied were ranked as follows: interaction in e-learning received the highest rating at 74%; students highlighted the need for adjustment and development in e-learning, along with additional benefits compared to traditional methods, such as freedom from spatial and temporal constraints and reduced economic costs, at 70%. Students rated the technologies used in e-learning as moderate quality (69%), assessment methods as moderately suitable (68%), satisfaction with health patterns while using e-learning tools as moderate (68%), electronic content quality as moderately good (67%), and teaching effectiveness as moderate (64%). Thus, the study identified the main advantages of distance learning at Aqaba University as perceived by students, highlighted the key challenges they face, and provided appropriate recommendations. Keywords: E-learning, Distance education, COVID-19 pandemic, Aqaba University of Technology
5. The degree of educational platforms uses among first-field female students at Al Sharqiyah University in the Sultanate of Oman and their attitudes towards them
The study aimed to explore the degree to which female students of the first field at Al Sharqiya University in the Sultanate of Oman use educational platforms and their attitudes towards them. The descriptive approach was used on a sample of third year students at Al Sharkia University in the specialization of the first field, consisting of (61) students. The two study tools were a questionnaire and an attitude scale. The study concluded that the responses of the study members to the questionnaire items came to a large extent in seven paragraphs, and they used educational platforms to attend lectures, to submit presentations and requirements related to courses, to perform course assignments, to perform electronic tests, to communicate with the course teacher, to obtain test scores, and to develop my computer skills. The results showed that the general average of the responses of the study members to the degree of using educational platforms reached (3.57), and this average falls within the fourth category of the five-scale categories, which refers to the “I agree” option on the study tool, and this means that the students’ attitudes are positive towards educational platforms. It recommended spreading awareness of the positives of learning through educational platforms and motivating students to continue in it. And the need to listen to students and know their needs, desires and trends in ways and methods of learning that fit the era of digital transformation. Keywords: educational platforms, attitudes, degree of use.
Thuraya bint Suleiman bin Hamad Al-Shubaybiah
The Role of Occupational Safety and Health Standards in Achieving a SafeWork ‎Environment in Industrial Facilities "Analytical Study"‎
The study aimed to highlight the role of occupational health and safety standards in ensuring a safe work environment in industrial establishments, as these standards form the foundation for guaranteeing a workplace free of risks that may threaten the life and health of workers. In light of rapid industrial development, it has become essential to establish standards and procedures to ensure the protection of workers, equipment, and the environment from potential risks. Therefore, the role of occupational health and safety standards in achieving a safe work environment in industrial establishments becomes significant. These standards are considering vital issues, and the Jordanian legislator has paid special attention to providing a legal framework to protect the essential elements and components of production in these establishments. The study used a comparative approach to clarify the stance of both the Jordanian and American legislators regarding the protection standards granted to workers, considering the new risks emerging in the work environment. The study concluded several results, the most important of which are: informing workers of the risks, they may face if they do not adhere to the preventive measures assigned to their profession in the establishment, providing personal protective equipment, and training workers on how to use it. The study also proposed several recommendations, the most significant of which is the need to establish a developed and comprehensive system that details and clarifies occupational health and safety standards in all industrial establishments to prevent work-related injuries and diseases and protect the work environment. Keywords: Safety Standards, Occupational Health, Work Environment, Risks, Protective Equipment, Industrial Establishments.
Social media sites and their relationship to spreading antisocial behaviors from the point of view of Jordanian youth
The study aimed to identify social networking sites and their relationship to spreading antisocial behaviors from the point of view of Jordanian youth. To achieve the objectives of the study, it followed the descriptive and analytical approach, relying on a questionnaire applied to a random sample of (960) participants during the year 2024.The study reached results, the most important of which were: that the most common type of antisocial behavior on social media platforms is cursing, at a rate of (16.98%), and that the factors that most drive the spread of antisocial behaviors are economic factors, at a rate of (26.25%), and that the most widely used means of social networking sites is Facebook, at a rate of (32.71%), and the presence of an impact of social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Instagram, Snapchat) in... Promoting antisocial behaviour. The study recommends educating young people about the dangers of spreading antisocial behaviors through social networking sites, and training them to discover the culture of other peoples, so that they can deal and interact with this world whose culture has become one global culture, in order to reduce the high rates of spreading antisocial behaviors through social networking sites from the point of view of Jordanian youth. Keywords: social media sites, antisocial behaviors, Jordanian youth
Procedural Framework for Implementing Alternatives to Custodial Sentences in Jordanian Law
This research addresses the topic of alternatives to custodial sentences, particularly short-term sentences, in line with modern legislative and penal policy that aims to reform and rehabilitate the convict. Reform and rehabilitation are the goals of criminal punishments, whether through traditional methods such as placing the convict in reform and rehabilitation centers or through alternatives such as suspended sentence, community service, electronic monitoring, or measures to restrict freedom as an alternative to criminal punishment. The Jordanian legislator proceeded in accordance with modern legislation due to its great impact on reform and the philosophy of reform by adopting alternatives to custodial penalties. The Jordanian legislator did well by amending the Jordanian Penal Code for the year 2022 by adding the text of Article (25 bis). The judicial applications came with the desired results from the philosophy of legislation and the purpose of these alternatives, especially through the application of community service. This research came to highlight the different aspects of alternatives to penalties that deprive people of their freedom and the controls and mechanism of application according to the approach of the Jordanian legislator, as well as to examine the judicial applications based on the analytical approach, This research concluded with a number of results, firstly, the correct approach followed by the legislator in adopting alternatives to custodial penalties, as well as granting the court or judge discretionary power. The research also concluded with several recommendations, such as the necessity of expanding the framework of community service. Keywords: Alternatives punishment, procedural framework Community, enforcement judge, service, electronic monitoring